Furniture surface treatment is a series of treatments such as grinding, polishing, and painting on the surface of furniture to achieve the purpose of beauty, durability and protection of furniture. There are two main types of surface treatment: one is polishing, and the other is painting. The quality of furniture surface treatment directly affects the use value and appearance quality of furniture. Therefore, it is necessary to pay enough attention to the surface treatment of furniture and master the correct operation method.

Grinding refers to using a machine to grind the defects and unevenness on the surface to achieve the purpose of beauty. Before grinding, check whether the surface of the furniture is damaged or defective. If there is damage or defect, it should be repaired in time. If it cannot be repaired, use sandpaper for grinding. When grinding, pay attention to the strength of grinding. If it is too light, it will not achieve the ideal effect, and if it is too heavy, it will damage the surface of the furniture.

In general, the surface of furniture is relatively rough, and the surface of furniture can be made smooth after grinding. In addition, you should also pay attention to the selection of appropriate sandpaper, sanding strips, abrasives and abrasive flow. In addition, you must master the grinding time and number of times.

Polishing refers to a method of removing the unevenness and defects on the surface of furniture through mechanical action (such as sandpaper polishing, belt polishing, etc.) and chemical action (such as pickling, chromic acid solution treatment) to make the surface bright and smooth. During the polishing process, friction is generated between the sandpaper and the surface of the furniture, causing tiny pits to form on the surface of the furniture, thereby achieving the purpose of polishing.

Common polishing methods include: manual polishing, mechanical polishing and chemical polishing. Manual polishing refers to polishing the surface of furniture with hand-held sandpaper.

Generally, abrasives are not required, but the fine bumps produced on the manual sandpaper are used to polish the surface of the furniture to achieve the purpose of smoothness and flatness. Mechanical polishing is to use mechanical force to cause friction on the sandpaper to achieve a smooth and flat effect. Chemical polishing is to use chemical reagents to corrode the surface of the furniture to make the surface of the furniture smooth.

Painting, also known as finishing, refers to applying a layer of paint on the surface of the furniture to achieve a beautiful effect. Furniture finishing can be divided into two types: paint and wood varnish.

① Paint is to apply a layer of paint on the surface of furniture to make it smooth and bright, easy to clean and maintain, and beautiful. Paint is divided into two types: solvent-based and water-based. Solvent-based paints include: nitro lacquer, polyurethane paint, etc. Water-based paints include: nitro varnish, water-based acrylic varnish, etc.

② Wood varnish is a colorless and transparent oil paint. After being applied to the surface of furniture, it can form a paint film to protect the furniture. Wood varnish is divided into: nitro varnish, phenolic varnish, alkyd varnish, anti-rust varnish, etc.

③ There are mainly the following operating methods for wood furniture finishing:

① Clear oil brushing method is to use cotton yarn to dip paint and evenly apply it on the surface of furniture.

(1) The thickness of the wood paint film must meet certain requirements.

Generally, the thickness of the wood paint film is 2~3μm, and experienced craftsmen can reach 3μm. However, according to the different paint films, the corresponding sandpaper and polishing tools should be selected, and the polishing time should be determined according to the specific situation.

(2) When there are slight scratches on the surface of wood, you can first use sandpaper to scratch the scratches, and then use finer sandpaper to polish. But be careful, when using finer sandpaper to polish, the force should be even, so as not to leave any marks.

(3) When sanding furniture, it is necessary to avoid missing or incomplete sanding.

(4) Before painting, you should first check whether the paint film is uniform, flat and smooth, especially when the surface of the furniture is uneven or has obvious bumps. During the painting process, you should often touch the paint film with your hands to see if it is uniform and whether there are obvious bumps.