The mortise and tenon structure is a traditional furniture structure in ancient China. It uses two pieces of wood to bite each other in a plane or three-dimensional manner, and transfers the force through the wood component to another wood component, thereby leaving a mortise and tenon groove on the two pieces of wood to combine them together.
The mortise and tenon structure can not only ensure the stability of the furniture, but also make the furniture look more beautiful and generous. Today I will introduce you to the common mortise and tenon structure.
Straight tenon is a common mortise and tenon structure, which is mostly used for straight wood furniture. There will be a small hole in the middle of the straight tenon to connect the four sides of the straight tenon.
There are two forms of straight tenons:
1. T-shaped tenon, also known as dovetail tenon, is mostly used for the combination of square materials, long materials, and plate materials. Start a piece of square material or long strip from one end, leave a gap between two pieces of square material or long strip as needed, and connect the gap. Its advantage is that the mortise and tenon combination is stable and reliable, and can be used repeatedly.
2. Right-angle tenon, also known as flat tenon and square tenon, is often used to make round or square tenons. Its advantage is that the groove in the middle of the tenon can fix round or square materials together. Its disadvantage is that it is easy to break due to uneven force. In order to solve this problem, some craftsmen will add a layer of thin wood in the middle of the tenon for reinforcement.
Dovetail tenon is a mortise and tenon structure used in the tenon. It is a straight tenon, but unlike the straight tenon, the tenon of the dovetail tenon is curved, and it forms an angle with the wood surface. When the two pieces of wood cannot be vertical, a dovetail tenon is needed.
Dovetail tenons are mainly used in furniture such as round chairs and four-column chairs. When one side of the wood is stressed, the other side will bend and deform after being stressed. At this time, dovetail tenons can be used to ensure that the two pieces of wood will not fall off the table.
The advantages of using dovetail tenons are that the furniture structure is firm, stable, and resistant to pressure, and when the furniture structure is subjected to external forces, it will not deform or break.
Hidden tenons refer to tenons that are not visible on the surface, such as the ring and armrests on the round chair. They have no tenons. These parts are hidden tenons.
The hidden tenon is not obvious in appearance, but it is very strong in structure. The formation of the hidden tenon is related to the intersection of two square materials. It is not a fixed connection method, but a connection with a tenon. When in use, after the square material is sawed into a certain length, it is not directly intersected with another square material, but two tenons are used to clamp the two square materials firmly together, and then they are fixed with nails. This connection method is both strong and beautiful. Hidden tenons are mostly used in single-board furniture, such as round chairs, round chair armrests, round chair backrests, etc.
The above is today's sharing. For more related content about the tenon and tenon structure, please continue to pay attention to the tenon and tenon craftsmanship!
The clamping tenon, also known as the "brain clamping", is a kind of tenon and tenon structure of furniture. It is a tenon and tenon structure that crosses the wood, that is, inserting the hole of the tenon from the front or side of the wood to make the two pieces of wood bite. It has a "clip" word like the flat tenon, so it is called "clamping tenon". Its structural forms are varied, and the common ones are: clamping angle tenon, clamping tenon, clamping edge tenon, cross tenon, etc.
There needs to be a certain gap between the tenon and the mortise and tenon joint. If the gap is too small, the wood will bend and deform; if the gap is too large, the wood will break. The mortise and tenon joint is designed to solve this problem. When connecting two pieces of wood, it uses an oblique insertion method to chisel a wedge-shaped groove on the inclined surface and insert the tenon into it. When the wood bends, the wedge-shaped groove will hold the wood; when the wood is stressed, the wedge-shaped groove will press the wood. At the same time, there must be a certain gap between the mortise and tenon joints to prevent the wood from cracking.
